Saxanka Birta Daawaha ee Qaabaysan
Codsiga La taaban karo
Saxanka la calaamadeeyay wuxuu leeyahay faa'iidooyin badan sida muuqaalka quruxda badan, ka hortagga simbiriirixanka, xoojinta waxqabadka, keydinta birta iwm. Waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa gaadiidka, dhismaha, qurxinta, qalabka ku wareegsan dabaqa, mashiinnada, dhismaha maraakiibta iyo meelaha kale. Guud ahaan, isticmaaluhu ma laha shuruudo sare oo ku saabsan sifooyinka farsamada iyo sifooyinka farsamada ee saxanka la calaamadeeyay, sidaa darteed tayada saxanka la calaamadeeyay waxaa inta badan lagu muujiyaa heerka qaab-dhismeedka, dhererka qaabka, iyo farqiga dhererka qaabka. Dhumucyada caadiga ah ee suuqa waxay u dhexeeyaan 2.0-8mm, ballaca caadiga ahna waa 1250 iyo 1500mm.
Kala-soocidda
Kala soocidda dhumuc ahaan
Saxan bir ah oo khafiif ah oo ka yar 4 mm (kan ugu khafiifsan 0.2 mm), saxan bir ah oo dhumucdiisu tahay 4-60 mm, saxan bir ah oo aad u dhumuc weyn 60-115 mm. Ballaca saxanka khafiifka ah waa 500-1500 mm; ballaca saxanka qaro weyn waa 600-3000 mm. Nooca birta ah ee saxan bir ah oo qaro weyn Asal ahaan waa la mid ah saxanka birta khafiifka ah. Marka laga hadlayo alaabada, marka laga reebo saxamada birta ee buundada, saxamada birta ee kuleyliyaha, saxamada birta ee wax soo saarka baabuurta, saxamada birta ee weelka cadaadiska iyo saxamada birta ee weelka cadaadiska badan leh, kuwaas oo ah saxamada qaro weyn oo saafi ah, noocyo ka mid ah saxanada birta ah sida saxamada birta ee alwaaxa baabuurta (dhumucdoodu tahay 2.5-10 mm), qaab saxanada birta ah (dhumucdoodu tahay 2.5-8 mm), saxanada birta ah ee aan daxalka lahayn, saxanada birta ee kulaylka u adkaysta, iwm. waxaa lagu dhejiyaa saxanada khafiifka ah. 2. Saxanka birta ah waxaa loo qaybiyaa kuwa kulul oo la duubay iyo kuwa qabow iyadoo loo eegayo rogid.
Loo kala saaray ujeeddo ahaan
(1) Saxan bir ah oo buundo ah (2) Saxan bir ah oo kuleyliye ah (3) Saxan bir ah oo dhisa maraakiibta (4) Saxan bir ah oo hub ah (5) Saxan bir ah oo baabuur ah (6) Saxan bir ah oo saqafka ah (7) Saxan bir ah oo qaab dhismeed ah (8) Saxan bir ah oo koronto ku shaqeeya (xarig bir ah oo silikoon ah) (9) Saxan bir ah oo guga ah (10) Kale
Qaab-dhismeedka waxaa loo kala saaray qaab-dhismeed
1. Saxan bir ah oo loogu talagalay weelka cadaadiska: Isticmaal xaraf R si aad u muujiso dhammaadka darajada. Darajada waxaa lagu muujin karaa dhibicda wax soo saarka ama maaddada kaarboonka ama walxaha isku-darka. Sida: Q345R, Q345 waa barta wax soo saarka. Tusaale kale: 20R, 16MnR, 15MnVR, 15MnVNR, 8MnMoNbR, MnNiMoNbR, 15CrMoR, iwm. dhammaantood waxaa matalaya walxaha kaarboonka ama walxaha isku-darka.
2. Saxan bir ah oo loogu talagalay alxanka dhululubada gaaska: Isticmaal HP-ga weyn si aad u muujiso dhammaadka darajada, darajadiisana waxaa lagu muujin karaa barta wax soo saarka, sida: Q295HP, Q345HP; waxaa sidoo kale lagu muujin karaa walxaha isku-darka, sida: 16MnREHP.
3. Saxan bir ah oo loogu talagalay kuleyliyaha: Isticmaal xarafka yar ee g si aad u muujiso dhammaadka magaca summada. Darajadiisa waxaa lagu muujin karaa barta wax soo saarka, sida: Q390g; waxaa sidoo kale lagu muujin karaa waxyaabaha kaarboonka ku jira ama walxaha isku-darka, sida 20g, 22Mng, 15CrMog, 16Mng, 19Mng, 13MnNiCrMoNbg, 12Cr1MoVg, iwm.
4. Taarikada birta ah ee buundooyinka: Isticmaal xarfaha yaryar ee q si aad u muujiso dhammaadka darajada, sida Q420q, 16Mnq, 14MnNbq, iwm.
5. Taarikada birta ah ee loogu talagalay alwaaxa baabuurta: Isticmaal xaraf weyn oo L ah si aad u muujiso dhammaadka darajada, sida 09MnREL, 06TiL, 08TiL, 10TiL, 09SiVL, 16MnL, 16MnREL, iwm.
Shaxda Miisaanka Aragtida ee Saxanka Birta ah ee La Jajabiyay
| Shaxda miisaanka aragtiyeed ee saxan bir ah oo la hubiyay (mm) | ||||
| Dhumucda aasaasiga ah | Kala-leexashada la oggol yahay ee dhumucda aasaasiga ah | Cufnaanta aragtiyeed (kg/m²) | ||
| Dheeman | Digir | Digir wareegsan | ||
| 2.5 | ±0.3 | 21.6 | 21.3 | 21.1 |
| 3.0 | ±0.3 | 25.6 | 24.4 | 24.3 |
| 3.5 | ±0.3 | 29.5 | 28.4 | 28.3 |
| 4.0 | ±0.4 | 33.4 | 32.4 | 32.3 |
| 4.5 | ±0.4 | 38.6 | 38.3 | 36.2 |
| 5.0 | +0.4 | 42.3 | 40.5 | 40.2 |
| -0.5 | ||||
| 5.5 | +0.4 | 46.2 | 44.3 | 44.1 |
| -0.5 | ||||
| 6 | +0.5 | 50.1 | 48.4 | 48.1 |
| -0.6 | ||||
| 7 | 0.6 | 59 | 58 | 52.4 |
| -0.7 | ||||
| 8 | +0.6 | 66.8 | 65.8 | 56.2 |
| -0.8 | ||||
| Fiiro gaar ah: | ||||
| 1. Ballaca saxanka birta ah waa 600~1800mm, darajadiisuna waa 50mm; dhererkiisuna waa 2000~12000mm, darajadiisuna waa 100mm. | ||||
| 2. Dhererka qaabku kama yaraan 0.2 jeer dhumucda substrate-ka. Cabbirka sawirka ku jira looma isticmaalo saldhig u ah kormeerka badeecada la dhammeeyay. | ||||
| 3. Darajooyinka birta ee taarikada birta ah waxay waafaqsan yihiin GB/T700, GB/T712, iyo GB/T4171. | ||||
| 4. Sifooyinka farsamada ee saxanadaha birta lama dammaanad qaadayo. Marka iibsaduhu haysto shuruudo, labada dhinacba way ku heshiin karaan iyadoo la raacayo heerarka khuseeya. | ||||
| 5. Saxanka birta ah waxaa lagu keenayaa xaalad kulul oo la duubay. | ||||
Heerarka La Xiriira
Sida ku cad heerka qaran ee GB/T 3277 ee loogu talagalay taarikada birta ee qaabaysan, dhererka qaabku waa inuu ka weynaadaa ama la mid noqdaa 20% dhumucda substrate-ka.
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