Qabow la sawiray laba geesood oo bir ah oo aan lahayn birta 200 300 400 600 Dhismaha birta qaabaysan
Qaybta Alaabta
Dhuumaha-qaababka gaarka ah guud ahaan waa marka loo eego qaybta, qaabka guud ee lagu kala saaro, guud ahaan waxaa loo qaybin karaa: tuubo bir ah oo oval ah, tuubo bir ah oo saddex xagal ah, tuubo bir ah oo qaabaysan, tuubo bir ah oo dheeman ah, tuubo qaabka birta ah, Dhuumaha birta ah ee U-qaabeeya, Dhuumaha D-qaabeeya, leexinta birta, laabta tuubada S-qaabeeya, tuubbada birta qaabaysan octagonal, goobada birta qaab-wareeg leh tuubo bir ah oo qaabaysan qaab konvex, labajibbaaran oo qaabaysan tuubo dabinka birta ah, tuubada birta qaabaysan ee qaraha, tuubada birta qaabaysan ee jiingado
Sharaxaada saamaynta codsiga
(1) Birta kaarboonka hooseeya Sidoo kale loo yaqaan birta khafiifka ah, kaarboonka laga bilaabo 0.10% ilaa 0.30% birta kaarboon hoose way fududahay in la aqbalo noocyo kala duwan oo ka mid ah farsamaynta sida foornada, alxanka iyo goynta, sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo soo saarista silsiladaha, rivets, boolal , ulaha iyo wixii la mid ah.
(2) Bir kaarboon dhexdhexaad ah oo ka kooban kaarboon ah 0.25% ilaa 0.60%.Waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo badeecooyin ah sida birta la dilay, birta la dilay, birta karkaraya.Kaarboonka ka sokow, waxa ku jiri kara qadar yar oo manganese ah (0.70% ilaa 1.20%).
(3) Birta kaarboonka sare ee inta badan loo yaqaan birta qalabka, waxa ku jira kaarboon laga bilaabo 0.60% ilaa 1.70%, waa la adkayn karaa oo la xanaaqi karaa.Dubeyaal, tukubayaal iwm waxay ka samaysan yihiin bir ka kooban kaarboon dhan 0.75%;Qalabka wax lagu gooyo sida birta daloolista, tuubooyinka fiilooyinka, reamers, iwm. waxay ka samaysan yihiin bir ka kooban kaarboon 0.90% ilaa 1.00%.
Kala soocidda
Birta laba geesoodka ah waxay ka koobnaan kartaa xubno kala duwan oo walbahaarka iyadoo loo eegayo baahiyaha kala duwan ee qaabdhismeedka, waxaana sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa sidii isku xirka xubnaha.Si ballaaran loo isticmaalo dhismooyin kala duwan oo dhismo ah iyo qaab dhismeed injineernimo, sida beam, buundada, munaaradda gudbinta, mishiinnada wax qaadista, maraakiibta, foornada warshadaha, munaaradda falcelinta, weelka weelka iyo khaanadaha bakhaarka